Fluoride Research Today is a free monthly online journal that collates and summarizes the latest research about Fluoride, including details on toothpaste, water, treatment, dangers.

Effects of dietary protein and calcium on thymus apoptosis induced by fluoride in female rats (Wistar rats).

Wang H, Zhou B, Cao J, Gu X, Cao C, Wang J

Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China.

Our previous studies showed that excessive fluoride (F) ingestion seriously damaged the nonspecific immune function in rabbits. However, the underlying mechanisms of the F-induced damage to the immune system are unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether F induces thymus apoptosis in female rats and its underlying mechanisms by monitoring ultrastructural changes and DNA fragmentation. The results showed that excessive F induced ultrastructural changes and significantly increased the tail length and tailing ratio in thymus lymphocytes. Protein (Pr) supplementation markedly decreased the tailing ratio in thymus lymphocytes in the case of malnutrition. Furthermore, molecular analysis showed that excessive F ingestion significantly up-regulated the expression levels of caspase-3 and caspase-9 mRNA, whereas Pr and calcium (Ca) supplementation down-regulated the expression levels induced by excessive F in the case of malnutrition. In conclusion, these results indicate that excessive F up-regulates the expression levels of caspase-3 and caspase-9 mRNA and induces thymus apoptosis in female rats. Pr and Ca play key roles in process of F-induced thymus apoptosis in malnourished female rats.

Published 7 May 2009 in Environ Toxicol, 24(3): 218-24.
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Articles on Fluoride published 29 April 2009:

Correlation of carotid plaque neovascularization detected by using contrast-enhanced US with clinical symptoms.   Radiology, 251(2): 583-9.

PURPOSE: To determine the correlation between the degree of plaque enhancement with contrast agent microbubbles and clinical symptoms in patients with carotid atherosclerotic plaque. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was approved by the hospital ethical committee, and informed consent was obtained from all patients. One hundred four patients (83 men: mean age, 64 years +/- 9 [standard deviation]; 21 women: mean age, 61 years +/- 10) with carotid plaques were studied with standard and contrast ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Fluoride published 27 April 2009:

Microbubbles as a novel contrast agent for brain MRI.   Neuroimage, 46(3): 658-64.

Gas-filled microbubbles have the potential to become a unique MR contrast agent due to their magnetic susceptibility effect, biocompatibility and localized manipulation via ultrasound cavitation. In this study, two types of microbubbles, custom-made albumin-coated microbubbles (A-MB) and a commercially available lipid-based clinical ultrasound contrast agent (SonoVue), were investigated with in vivo dynamic brain MRI in Sprague-Dawley rats at 7 T. Microbubble suspensions (A-MB: 0.2 mL of ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Fluoride published 27 March 2009:

Fluoride in groundwater, Varaha River Basin, Visakhapatnam District, Andhra Pradesh, India.   Environ Monit Assess, 152(1): 47-60.

Excess intake of fluoride through drinking water causes fluorosis on human beings in many States of the country (India), including Andhra Pradesh. Groundwater quality in the Varaha River Basin located in the Visakhapatnam District of Andhra Pradesh has been studied, with reference to fluoride content, for its possible sources for implementing appropriate management measures, according to the controlling mechanism of fluoride concentration in the groundwater. The area occupied by the river basin ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Assessment of potential hazards of fluoride contamination in drinking groundwater of an intensively cultivated district in West Bengal, India.   Environ Monit Assess, 152(1): 97-103.

We assessed the potential of fluoride (F) contamination in drinking groundwater of an intensively cultivated district in India as a function of its lithology and agricultural activities. Three hundred and eight groundwater samples were collected at different depths from various types of wells and analyzed for pH, EC, NO(3)-N load and F content. A typical litholog was constructed and database on fertilizer and pesticide uses were also recorded for the district. The water samples were almost ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Fluoride published 16 March 2009:

A high selective anion colorimetric sensor based on salicylaldehyde for fluoride in aqueous media.   Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc, 72(5): 1062-5.

A new and simple salicylaldehyde-based sensor 1 designed for fluoride sensing has been investigated in DMSO and even in the 9/1 DMSO/H(2)O (v/v) mixtures. The affinity constants of receptor 1 for anionic species in the 9/1 DMSO/H(2)O (v/v) reveal that it is sensitive to F. Also, the color changes induced by anions can provide a way of detection by 'naked-eye'. These result can be substantiated by the spectrum changes upon the addition of 25equiv. anions to 1 in the 9/1 DMSO/H(2)O solution. The ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Fluoride published 9 March 2009:

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound versus color duplex ultrasound imaging in the follow-up of patients after endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair.   J Vasc Surg, 49(3): 552-60.

PURPOSE: This study assessed the negative predictive value, sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of real-time contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging (CEUS) in the detection of endoleaks in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) who underwent endovascular repair (EVAR) compared with unenhanced ultrasound imaging. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) was the gold standard. The secondary objective was to define the optimal dose of the second-generation contrast agent to ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Fluoride published 4 March 2009:

Is fluoride-induced hyperthyroidism a cause of psychosis among East African immigrants to Scandinavia?   Med Hypotheses, 72(5): 501-3.

East African immigrants to Scandinavia are admitted to mental hospitals far more frequently than native Scandinavians. Most of these patients are admitted for psychosis, commonly ascribed to problems adapting to the new culture. However, psychosis is also known to be associated with hyperthyroidism, and the high frequency of psychosis among East Africans in Scandinavia may at least in part be due to hyperthyroidism rather than cultural problems. Large areas in East Africa are notorious for high ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Fluoride published 17 February 2009:

Fluoride ion recognition by chelating and cationic boranes.   Acc Chem Res, 42(2): 388-97.

Because of the ubiquity of fluoride ions and their potential toxicity at high doses, researchers would like to design receptors that selectively detect this anion. Fluoride is found in drinking water, toothpaste, and osteoporosis drugs. In addition, fluoride ions also can be detected as an indicator of uranium enrichment (via hydrolysis of UF(6)) or of the chemical warfare agent sarin, which releases the ion upon hydrolysis. However, because of its high hydration enthalpy, the fluoride anion is ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

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